P\u00ebr\u00e7mimi i Donald Trump p\u00ebr aleat\u00ebt e NATO-s daton q\u00eb para se ai t\u00eb b\u00ebhej president i Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb. Nga zem\u00ebrimi p\u00ebr shpenzimet e tyre relativisht t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb mbrojtjes deri te k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb Groenland\u00ebn, territorin e Danimark\u00ebs, nj\u00eb an\u00ebtare tjet\u00ebr e NATO-s, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi amerikan e ka l\u00ebn\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh aleanc\u00ebn n\u00eb ankth.<\/p>\n
Por vendimi i aleat\u00ebve t\u00eb NATO-s p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u bashkuar me luft\u00ebn e Trump kund\u00ebr Iranit e ka thelluar p\u00ebr\u00e7arjen, thon\u00eb analist\u00ebt. K\u00ebt\u00eb jav\u00eb, Trump e quajti munges\u00ebn e mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb tyre nj\u00eb njoll\u00eb n\u00eb aleanc\u00eb \u201cq\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb zhduket kurr\u00eb\u201d. Kancelari Friedrich Merz i Gjermanis\u00eb e tha edhe m\u00eb tro\u00e7, disa or\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb: Konflikti \u201c\u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb prov\u00eb stresi transatlantike\u201d.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto p\u00ebrplasje n\u00ebnvizojn\u00eb nj\u00eb pyetje qendrore t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah nga kriza e Lindjes s\u00eb Mesme, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se NATO nuk mund ta shtyj\u00eb m\u00eb: \u200b\u200ba mund t\u00eb mbijetoj\u00eb aleanca transatlantike, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse SHBA-t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqen?<\/p>\n
\u201cNuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb kthim n\u00eb gjendjen e zakonshme t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb NATO, as gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj administrate amerikane dhe as gjat\u00eb asaj t\u00eb ardhshme\u201d, tha Jim Townsend, bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor i lart\u00eb i asociuar n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb Siguri t\u00eb Re Amerikane dhe ish-Z\u00ebvend\u00ebs Ndihm\u00ebs Sekretar i Mbrojtjes p\u00ebr Evrop\u00ebn dhe NATO-n.<\/p>\n
\u201cJemi m\u00eb af\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndarjeje se kurr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb\u201d, shtoi ai.<\/p>\n
Trump nuk mund ta t\u00ebrheq\u00eb SHBA-n\u00eb nga aleanca n\u00eb nj\u00eb tekat t\u00eb papritur.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb zyrtarisht, atij i duhen dy t\u00eb tretat e shumic\u00ebs n\u00eb Senatin e SHBA-s\u00eb ose nj\u00eb akt i Kongresit, skenar\u00eb q\u00eb nuk ka gjasa t\u00eb miratohen, me NATO-n q\u00eb ende g\u00ebzon mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb gjer\u00eb midis shum\u00eb ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsve n\u00eb t\u00eb dy partit\u00eb kryesore amerikane.<\/p>\n
Por ka edhe gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb Trump mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb. SHBA-t\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb detyrim t\u2019u vijn\u00eb n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb aleat\u00ebve n\u00ebse ata sulmohen. Neni 5 i traktatit p\u00ebrcakton detyrimin e mbrojtjes kolektive t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve, por nuk detyron automatikisht nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje ushtarake, dhe ka skepticiz\u00ebm midis aleat\u00ebve n\u00ebse Uashingtoni do t\u00eb vij\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar.<\/p>\n
SHBA-t\u00eb gjithashtu mund t\u00eb zhvendosin rreth 84,000 trupa amerikane t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn jasht\u00eb kontinentit. Wall Street Journal raportoi t\u00eb m\u00ebrkur\u00ebn se Trump po shqyrtonte zhvendosjen e disa bazave amerikane nga vendet e konsideruara t\u00eb padobishme gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Iranit dhe transferimin e tyre n\u00eb vende m\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse. Ai mund t\u00eb mbyll\u00eb bazat ushtarake amerikane dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpres\u00eb koordinimin ushtarak me aleat\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
Meqen\u00ebse garancit\u00eb e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr Evrop\u00ebn kan\u00eb qen\u00eb baza e NATO-s q\u00eb nga themelimi i saj, nj\u00eb shk\u00ebputje e till\u00eb do t\u00eb shkaktonte d\u00ebme t\u00eb mjaftueshme.<\/p>\n
\u201cAi nuk ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb largohet nga NATO p\u00ebr ta minuar at\u00eb, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb vet\u00ebm se mund ta b\u00ebj\u00eb, ai tashm\u00eb e ka g\u00ebrryer besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj si nj\u00eb aleanc\u00eb efektive\u201d, tha Stefano Stefanini, ish-ambasador italian n\u00eb NATO.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, aleat\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb pafuqish\u00ebm. Pushtimi i Ukrain\u00ebs nga Rusia zbuloi gjendjen e dob\u00ebsuar t\u00eb industrive evropiane t\u00eb mbrojtjes dhe var\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre t\u00eb thell\u00eb nga SHBA-ja. Kjo, s\u00eb bashku me krizat e shumta diplomatike n\u00eb partneritetin SHBA-NATO \u2013 p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin e Trump p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb kontrollin e Groenland\u00ebs, i ka shtyr\u00eb aleat\u00ebt evropian\u00eb t\u00eb investojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb aft\u00ebsit\u00eb mbrojt\u00ebse. Midis viteve 2020 dhe 2025, shpenzimet e mbrojtjes t\u00eb shteteve an\u00ebtare u rrit\u00ebn me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 62 p\u00ebrqind.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, fushat ku Evropa vuan nga var\u00ebsia e tep\u00ebrt nga SHBA-ja p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb goditur thell\u00eb n\u00eb territorin e armikut, inteligjenc\u00ebn, mbik\u00ebqyrjen dhe zbulimin, aft\u00ebsit\u00eb hap\u00ebsinore si inteligjenca satelitore, logjistika dhe mbrojtja e integruar ajrore dhe raketore, sipas nj\u00eb raporti nga Instituti Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr Studime t\u00eb Siguris\u00eb (IISS).<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto sfida mbeten t\u00eb konsiderueshme. Do t\u00eb duhet dekada e ardhshme ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbushur ato dhe rreth 1 trilion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar element\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00ebsive ushtarake konvencionale t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb. Industrit\u00eb e mbrojtjes t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs po p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb rrisin prodhimin shpejt dhe shum\u00eb ushtri evropiane nuk mund t\u2019i arrijn\u00eb objektivat e tyre t\u00eb rekrutimit dhe mbajtjes s\u00eb personelit, tha raporti i IISS.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, disa ekspert\u00eb besojn\u00eb se nj\u00eb NATO evropiane \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur. Minna Alander, nj\u00eb analiste n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e Stokholmit p\u00ebr Studime t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore t\u00eb Institutit Suedez t\u00eb \u00c7\u00ebshtjeve Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, thot\u00eb se NATO, me kalimin e viteve, \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebpunim ushtarak midis vendeve evropiane.<\/p>\n
\u201cPrandaj, NATO mund t\u2019i mbijetoj\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Iranit, dhe madje edhe nj\u00eb t\u00ebrheqjeje t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, pasi an\u00ebtar\u00ebt evropian\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb nxitje p\u00ebr ta ruajtur at\u00eb, edhe n\u00ebse n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndryshme\u201d, tha Alander.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr disa, afati \u00ebsht\u00eb viti 2029. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb koha kur Rusia mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar forcat e saj mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar territorin e NATO-s, sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb shefit t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, gjeneralit Carsten Breuer.<\/p>\n
Po SHBA-t\u00eb, a do t\u00eb ishin m\u00eb mir\u00eb pa NATO-n?<\/p>\n
Sipas Stefaninit, ish-ambasadorit, debati rreth NATO-s shpesh \u201cshtremb\u00ebrohet\u201d p\u00ebr ta paraqitur arsyen e ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb aleanc\u00ebs vet\u00ebm si funksion t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs nga Rusia, si nj\u00eb favor i SHBA-s\u00eb ndaj kontinentit.<\/p>\n